项目名称： 多孔介质内真空水升华行为中交变相变界面移动规律及击穿抑制方法研究

项目编号： No.11472040

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 宁献文

作者单位： 北京空间飞行器总体设计部

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： 作为短时大功率航天器一种必不可少的热控手段，水升华器在利用固态水（冰）真空升华吸热现象实现航天器废热排散过程中，涉及多孔介质内气-液-固多相流、交变相变界面移动以及高真空下稀薄气体流动等流体力学基础理论问题，已成为国内外空间热物理领域近期的研究热点。然而水升华器多孔介质内结冰与升华机理非常复杂，目前缺乏相应的基础研究。本课题拟通过理论与实验研究进一步认识多孔介质内真空水升华行为中的机理和相关特性规律，建立描述水在多孔介质内的交变相变界面移动方程及其形态转变的判断准则，进而提出多孔介质内水升华击穿抑制方法，并结合我国探月三期工程开展一定的在轨验证。本课题涉及经典多相流与渗流、稀薄气体流动、传热传质学与计算方法等多个学科的交叉，是国际上航空航天及相关领域的前沿课题，具有重要的理论意义与实际价值，可为水升华热控技术的在轨应用提供理论与实验依据。

中文关键词： 水升华器；多孔介质；结冰；击穿；相变传热

英文摘要： Water sublimator is an essential thermal control method in the thermal control design of spacecraft with short period large heat load. Sublimator utilizing water sublimation in the porous medium to reject spacecraft waste heat, which is an endothermic process. The work mechianism of sublimator is a complex heat and mass flow problem, including basic physical issues such as gas-liquid-solid phase change and multi-phase flow, moving alternative phase change interfaces and rarefied gas flow, which received more and more attention recently.But the water icing and sublimation mechanisms in porous medium is not adequately researched. The present investigation is aimed to study the mechanism and the related properties of water sublimation into the vacuum through the porous medium,the equations which describe the water's alternative phase change interfaces moving in the porous medium and the judging criteria of the phase transition will be established. Then, the methods of inhibiting breakthrough in the water sublimation through the porous medium will be presented. The present investigation will be carried out through on-orbit experimental verification in the future lunar exploration program. The present investigation involves multidisciplinary sciences, such as classical multi-phase flow and vadose, rarefied gas flow, heat and mass transfer, computational methods, etc., and is an advanced studies in the international aerospace and related field.The research results will provide technical supports and basis for the water sublimation thermal control technique.

英文关键词： water sublimator;porous medium;icing;breakthrough;phrase change heat transfer