项目名称： 一种新型生物金属纳米簇探针的构建及其检测方法学研究

项目编号： No.81501837

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 张普

作者单位： 重庆医科大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 生物金属纳米簇是利用生物分子为模板合成的具有几到几百个金属原子、尺寸与费米波长相当的纳米团簇。相比有机染料及量子点等荧光探针，该新型探针具有高发光效率、抗光漂白、波长可调、生物相容等优势，已在生物医药领域备受关注。但如何设计与筛选生物模板调控纳米簇的电子结构、表面性质及发光性能，并建立相关检测方法用于解决临床检验中的实际问题，是目前研究中的瓶颈。本项目拟通过合理设计与筛选核酸、蛋白质为模板、采用绿色合成法制备金属纳米簇，深入探讨模板分子的结构、构象、极性、电荷及环境介质等参数对其结构和发光性能的影响，阐明作用规律及其机制。根据临床检验的实际需要，以金属纳米簇为探针（信号报告元件），结合核酸适配体对目标分子的特异性识别（分子识别元件），建立超灵敏、高特异性的检测新方法应用于临床血样中低丰度蛋白（如脑钠肽）的检测，并探索探针与目标分子间的相互作用及能量转移机制，既有理论价值又有应用前景。

中文关键词： 纳米探针；金属纳米簇；荧光分析；核酸适配体；脑钠肽

英文摘要： Bio-metal nanoclusters are a class of nanomaterials that templated by biomolecules, consist of several to hundreds of metal atoms, and with the size nearly Fermi wavelength. Compared to organic dyes and quantum dots, this new optical probe has attracted much attention in biomedicine recently owing to its advantages including high luminescent efficiency, resistance to photobleaching, tunable wavelength, biocompatibility, and so on. However, the current challenge is how to design and screening of biological template to control the electronic structure, surface properties and luminescent properties of the nanoclusters for developing related detection method and applying in practical clinical problems. The prescent proposal aims to synthesis of highly fluorescent bio-metal nanoclusters through rational design/selection of nucleic acid and protein as a template based on the green chemistry strategies. The effects of parameters such as the molecular structure, conformation, polarity, charge of the template and environmental medium on the structure and optical properties of the obtained nanoclusters will be further investigated. According to the actual needs of clinical inspection, we will combine the metal nanoclusters (signal report element) and aptamers which can bind target molecules via specific recognition (molecular recognition element), and use it as probe to develop ultrasensitive and highly selective method for the detection of low-content proteins (e.g., brain natriuretic peptide, BNP) in clinical blood samples. Moreover, the interactions between nanoclusters and the target molecules and the mechanisms responsible for the energy transfer happened in the recognition process will also be studied. This project is both worth studying in theory and promising for practical applications.

英文关键词： Nanoprobes;metal nanoclusters;fluorescence analysis;aptamer;brain natriuretic peptide