项目名称： 不同植物与夏玉米间作修复模式阻控农田氮污染研究

项目编号： No.31301284

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 聂胜委

作者单位： 河南省农业科学院

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 近年来，由于氮肥的过量施用，造成农田地下水体以及地表水体硝酸盐含量严重超标，农田生态环境也受到了严重的破坏；国内外虽然就控制农田氮淋洗进行了较多研究，如改进施肥方式、氮肥类型、施肥次数等方面，但是有相当多的研究成果由于经济、实用、方便等因素，难以进行有效的推广和应用。当前农业又面临耕地资源缩减、粮食安全等重大问题，研究保持当前农田生产能力的前提下，利用生物途径，即利用植物修复的技术，通过构建或配置合理的作物复合种植模式，保证获得较高农田粮食产量的前提下，从源头上有效的消除农田氮污染，就成为农田研究的热点领域之一。项目申请人及研究团队就利用植物修复的途径来减少和控制面源污染等方面进行了探索性的研究，并取得了一定的研究成果。同时，申请人认为通过在大田作物群体中引入其它功能性物种(花生、大豆、苜蓿、黑麦草等)来构建适宜的复合种植模式能够解决这一问题，为农田氮污染修复提供借鉴。

中文关键词： 间作；夏玉米；阻控；氮污染；效果

英文摘要： Recent years, groundwater and surface water are polluted by NO3-N reason for nitrogen fertilizer over-used; moreover, farmland ecosystems and environment are also greatly destroyed. Nitrogen fertilizers are heavily applied in China and nitrate pollution of ground-water has become a major challenge in agricultural areas. If crops did not utilize nitrate, its downward leaching cannot be avoided because of its high solubility in water and low retention in soil. The intensively managed arable lands characterized by over-application of nitrogen fertilizers have had negative effects on the environment (e.g. soil, surface-and ground-water pollution) and losses of nitrogen (through leaching and emission). Nitrate loss through leaching can be alleviated by optimizing soil and crop management, choice of fertilizer types, irrigation management, farming practices, and mulching. A lot measures, however, are not suitable for application because of its economical, convenient, and practical characteristics. The reduction of farmland areas and the food security are the main restricted ingredients to increase agricultural productivity; this would be one of the most important hotspots in agricultural fields that using phytoremidation on how to obtain higher food productivity and reduce nitrate leaching in farmland. The proposer a

英文关键词： intercropping；summer maize；reduce；nitrogen pollution；effect