项目名称： 基于螳螂前足砍切机理的仿生圆盘切割刀具优化设计方法

项目编号： No.51505184

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 李默

作者单位： 吉林大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 对圆盘切割刀具工作机理与设计方法的研究在促进玉米收获机械化进程中起着重要作用。通过对螳螂前足的研究发现，螳螂胫节的砍切动作行为与圆盘切割刀具切割茎秆的作业在机理上有很大相似性，其胫节体刺的结构与排列方式可为圆盘切割刀具减阻降耗的仿生设计提供新的研究思路。本项目拟采用仿生研究方法，以具有典型特征的螳螂前足为模仿对象，探讨圆盘切割刀具的仿生设计思路和方法。通过对胫节刺的形状、结构、排列方式和材料特性的研究，揭示其在砍切猎物过程中低阻力和低功耗特性的作用机理，并将其运用到圆盘切割刀具的设计中，制备出一种减阻降耗的仿生圆盘切割刀具，并在此基础上总结圆盘切割刀具的切割机理与影响因素，探索圆盘切割刀具的仿生设计原理和方法，为农业机械仿生部件的高效节能设计及应用提供理论依据和技术参考。

中文关键词： 螳螂前足；砍切机理；圆盘刀具；仿生设计

英文摘要： Research on working principles and design methods of disc cutters plays an important role in process of corn harvest mechanization. According to the study on foreleg of praying mantis, the cutting motion of its tibia is similar as corn stalks-cutting mechanism of disc cutter, hence the shape and arrangement of tibia spines are valuable to bionic design of energy-saving and drag reduction of disc cutter. Bionic research method will be adopt in this project to develop new ideas and methods of disc cutter by taking praying mantis’s foreleg as a prototype. The functional mechanism of low resistance and power tibia showed in prey process will be investigated by analyzing the shape, geometrical structure, arrangement and properties of tibia spines, which can be used in the design of disc cutters. In this study bionic disc cutters with lower power and resistance will be built and systematic design theory and methods of the bionic disc cutter will also be put forward. The insight gained is expected to provide theoretical and technological foundation for high efficiency and energy saving design and application of bionic parts of agricultural machines.

英文关键词： Foreleg of praying mantis;cutting mechanism;disc cutter;bionic design