项目名称： 超级电容器用Nb2O5微结构调控及其嵌入型赝电容的研究

项目编号： No.51504139

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 申来法

作者单位： 南京航空航天大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 由于超级电容器的电极材料是依赖于发生在界面的吸脱附或氧化还原反应来储存能量的，导致超级电容器的能量密度较低，是亟待解决的难题。本项目拟研究一种新颖的嵌入型赝电容，突破了限制在界面的有限电容行为，极大提高超级电容器的能量密度。拟通过对Nb2O5的结构控制、构筑新型Nb2O5/碳纳米复合和异质结复合材料、调控Nb2O5结构缺陷等策略来改善离子、电子传输速率，提高Nb2O5的电化学性能。利用原位表征手段和电化学测试技术，系统深入地研究改性或复合后Nb2O5的形貌、结构、结晶性等与导电性及嵌入型赝电容电化学行为之间的相互作用关系，揭示嵌入型赝电容的特性及调控规律，为发展和改进嵌入型赝电容电极材料提供深层次的理论指导。基于以上研究成果，进一步设计并构建Nb2O5//石墨烯有机体系非对称超级电容器，阐明该类型非对称超级电容器的工作机理，为设计高性能超级电容器提供重要的理论和科学依据。

中文关键词： 超级电容器；嵌入型赝电容；Nb2O5；微结构

英文摘要： The faradaic reaction or ion adsorption can occur only at or near the surface of electrode material, resulting in the low energy density of supercapacitors. Thus, one great challenge for the supercapacitor technology is to improve the energy density without sacrificing the power density and cycle life. This project aims to research a novel intercalation pseudocapacitance to break the limitation of interface capacitive behavior, significantly improves the energy density of the supercapacitors. Many approaches to improve the pathway for electrons and transport channels for lithium ions will be explored, including the fabrication of ideal structure of Nb2O5, construction novel Nb2O5/C and heterojunction composites, control the defect of Nb2O5 and so on. The effect of morphology, structure, crystallization on the electrical conductivity and intercalation pseudocapacitive will be studied in detail by using in situ characterization and electrochemical testing technology. This research intends to reveal the characteristics of intercalation pseudocapacitance and establish the basic pathways to improve the intercalation pseudocapacitance, which provide deep theoretical guidance for the development and improvement of the intercalation pseudocapacitance materials. Based on the above research result, we will further fabricate and construct the Nb2O5//graphene asymmetric supercapacitors in organic electrolyte. Revealing the working mechanism of this kind of asymmetric supercapacitor, and providing important theoretical basis for designing and fabricating high performance asymmetric supercapacitors.

英文关键词： Supercapacitors;Intercalation pseudocapacitance;Niobium pentoxide;Microstructure