An in-vitro cell culture system is used for biological discoveries and hypothesis-driven research on a particular cell type to understand mechanistic or test pharmaceutical drugs. Conventional in-vitro cultures have been applied to primary cells and immortalised cell lines plated on 2D surfaces. However, they are unreliable in complex physiological environments and can not always predict in-vivo behaviour correctly. Organoids are multicellular spheroids of a primary donor or stem cells that are replaced in vitro cell culture systems and are widely used in biological, biomedical and translational studies. Native heterogeneity, microanatomy, and functionality of an organ or diseased tissue can be represented by three-dimensional in-vitro tissue models such as organoids. Organoids are essential in in-vitro models for drug discovery and personalised drug screening. Many imaging artefacts such as organoid occlusion, overlap, out-of-focus spheroids and considerable heterogeneity in size cause difficulty in conventional image processing. Despite the power of organoid models for biology, their size and shape have mostly not been considered. Drug responses depend on dynamic changes in individual organoid morphology, number and size, which means differences in organoid shape and size, movement through focal planes, and live-cell staining with limited options cause challenges for drug response and growth analysis. This study primarily introduces the importance of the role of the organoid culture system in different disciplines of medical science and various scopes of utilising organoids. Then studies the challenges of operating organoids, followed by reviewing image analysis systems or platforms applied to organoids to address organoid utilising challenges.

翻译：在生物发现和假设驱动下对某种特定细胞类型进行研究以了解机械或测试药物时,使用了体外细胞培养系统;在初级细胞和在2D表面粘贴的不朽细胞线上应用了常规体外文化;然而,在复杂的生理环境中,它们不可靠,不能总是正确预测体外行为;有机体是主要捐献者或干细胞的多细胞类动物,在体外细胞培养系统中被取代,在生物、生物医学和翻译研究中广泛使用。土著体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外细胞内体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外的体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外体外