We suggest the implementation of the Dual Use Research of Concern (DURC) framework, originally designed for life sciences, to the domain of generative AI, with a specific focus on Large Language Models (LLMs). With its demonstrated advantages and drawbacks in biological research, we believe the DURC criteria can be effectively redefined for LLMs, potentially contributing to improved AI governance. Acknowledging the balance that must be struck when employing the DURC framework, we highlight its crucial political role in enhancing societal awareness of the impact of generative AI. As a final point, we offer a series of specific recommendations for applying the DURC approach to LLM research.

翻译：我们建议将最初为生命科学设计的双重用途研究关切（DURC）框架应用于生成式人工智能领域，特别聚焦于大语言模型（LLMs）。基于该框架在生物学研究中表现出的优势与局限性，我们认为DURC标准可针对LLMs进行有效重新定义，从而潜在推动人工智能治理的改善。在承认应用DURC框架时必须权衡利弊的前提下，我们强调其提升社会对生成式人工智能影响认知的关键政治作用。最后，我们为将DURC方法应用于LLM研究提出了一系列具体建议。