Space agencies are in the process of drawing up carefully thought-out Concepts of Operations (ConOps) for future human missions on the Moon. These are typically assessed and validated through costly and logistically demanding analogue field studies. While interactive simulations in Virtual Reality (VR) offer a comparatively cost-effective alternative, they have faced criticism for lacking the fidelity of real-world deployments. This paper explores the applicability of passive haptic interfaces in bridging the gap between simulated and real-world ConOps assessments. Leveraging passive haptic props (equipment mockup and astronaut gloves), we virtually recreated the Apollo 12 mission procedure and assessed it with experienced astronauts and other space experts. Quantitative and qualitative findings indicate that haptics increased presence and embodiment, thus improving perceived simulation fidelity and validity of user reflections. We conclude by discussing the potential role of passive haptic modalities in facilitating early-stage ConOps assessments for human endeavours on the Moon and beyond.

翻译：航天机构正在为未来人类月球任务制定周密的操作概念（ConOps）。此类概念通常需通过成本高昂且后勤复杂的类比实地研究进行评估与验证。尽管虚拟现实（VR）中的交互式模拟提供了相对经济高效的替代方案，但其因缺乏真实部署场景的保真度而饱受争议。本文探讨了被动触觉接口在弥合模拟与现实ConOps评估差距中的适用性。通过利用被动触觉道具（设备样机与宇航员手套），我们虚拟重建了阿波罗12号任务流程，并邀请资深宇航员及其他空间专家进行评估。定量与定性研究结果表明，触觉反馈提升了临场感与具身性，从而增强了感知模拟保真度及用户反思的有效性。最后，我们讨论了被动触觉模态在促进月球及更远人类事业的早期ConOps评估中的潜在作用。