Traditional medical training faces challenges like ethical concerns, safety risks, and high costs. VR technology offers a promising solution but is limited by low complexity and lack of tactile feedback. This paper presents a cost-effective haptic VR surgery simulation which simulates realistic Kidney Transplant using commercial devices to enhance training authenticity and immersion. Trainees can conduct incision and anastomosis procedures using a haptic stylus device that provides tactile sensations. Results from the test with medical participants showed that haptic feedback positively enhances the VR medical training experience.

翻译：传统医疗培训面临伦理关切、安全风险和高昂成本等挑战。VR技术提供了有前景的解决方案，但受限于复杂度低和缺乏触觉反馈。本文提出了一种经济高效的触觉VR手术模拟系统，该系统使用商用设备模拟真实的肾脏移植手术，以提升培训的真实感和沉浸感。学员可使用提供触觉感知的触觉手写笔设备进行切口和吻合操作。对医疗参与者进行的测试结果表明，触觉反馈能有效提升VR医疗培训的体验。