Understanding how accessibility shapes participation in leisure activities is central to promoting inclusive and vibrant urban life. Conventional accessibility measures often focus on potential access from fixed home locations, overlooking the constraints and opportunities embedded in daily routines. In this study, we introduce a space-time accessibility (SPA) metric rooted in the capability approach, capturing feasible leisure opportunities between home and work given a certain time budget, individual transport modes, and urban infrastructure. Using high-resolution GPS data from 2,415 residents in the Paris region, we assess how SPA influences total travel time and leisure participation, measured as the diversity of leisure activity locations. Spatial patterns show that most individuals-especially active transport users-choose destinations aligned with their SPA-defined opportunity sets, underscoring the metric's validity in capturing capability sets. Structural equation modeling reveals that SPA directly fosters leisure diversity but also reduces travel time, which in turn is associated with lower diversity. These findings highlight the value of person-centered, capability-informed accessibility metrics for understanding inequalities in urban mobility and informing transport planning strategies that expand real freedoms to participate in social life across diverse population groups.

翻译：理解可达性如何影响休闲活动参与对于促进包容性和充满活力的城市生活至关重要。传统的可达性度量通常关注从固定家庭位置出发的潜在可达性，忽视了日常行程中固有的约束与机会。本研究引入了一种基于能力方法的时空可达性（SPA）度量，该度量在给定特定时间预算、个人交通方式和城市基础设施的条件下，捕捉家庭与工作地点之间可行的休闲机会。利用来自巴黎地区2,415名居民的高分辨率GPS数据，我们评估了SPA如何影响总出行时间以及以休闲活动地点多样性衡量的休闲活动参与度。空间模式表明，大多数个体——尤其是主动交通方式使用者——选择的目的地与其SPA定义的机会集相一致，这印证了该度量在捕捉能力集方面的有效性。结构方程模型显示，SPA直接促进了休闲多样性，但也减少了出行时间，而出行时间的减少又与较低的多样性相关。这些发现凸显了以人为中心、基于能力理念的可达性度量对于理解城市移动性不平等以及制定交通规划策略的价值，这些策略旨在扩大不同人口群体参与社会生活的实际自由。