Health and poverty in Thailand exhibit pronounced geographic structuring, yet the extent to which they operate as interconnected regional systems remains insufficiently understood. This study analyzes ICD-10 chapter-level morbidity and multidimensional poverty as outcomes embedded in a spatial interaction network. Interpreting Thailand's 76 provinces as nodes within a fixed-degree regional graph, we apply tools from spatial econometrics and social network analysis, including Moran's I, Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), and Spatial Durbin Models (SDM), to assess spatial dependence and cross-provincial spillovers. Our findings reveal strong spatial clustering across multiple ICD-10 chapters, with persistent high-high morbidity zones, particularly for digestive, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and symptom-based diseases, emerging in well-defined regional belts. SDM estimates demonstrate that spillover effects from neighboring provinces frequently exceed the influence of local deprivation, especially for living-condition, health-access, accessibility, and poor-household indicators. These patterns are consistent with contagion and contextual influence processes well established in social network theory. By framing morbidity and poverty as interdependent attributes on a spatial network, this study contributes to the growing literature on structural diffusion, health inequality, and regional vulnerability. The results highlight the importance of coordinated policy interventions across provincial boundaries and demonstrate how network-based modeling can uncover the spatial dynamics of health and deprivation.

翻译：泰国的健康与贫困问题呈现出显著的地理结构特征，然而它们作为相互关联的区域系统在何种程度上运作，目前仍未得到充分理解。本研究将ICD-10章节层面的发病率和多维贫困作为嵌入空间交互网络的结果进行分析。将泰国76个府解释为固定度区域图中的节点，我们运用空间计量经济学和社会网络分析工具，包括莫兰指数（Moran's I）、局部空间关联指标（LISA）和空间杜宾模型（SDM），以评估空间依赖性和跨府溢出效应。我们的研究结果揭示了多个ICD-10章节存在强烈的空间聚类现象，持续的高-高发病率区域出现在明确界定的区域带中，特别是消化系统、呼吸系统、肌肉骨骼系统疾病以及症状性疾病的发病率。SDM估计表明，来自邻近府的溢出效应常常超过本地剥夺状况的影响，尤其是在生活条件、卫生服务可及性、交通可达性和贫困家庭指标方面。这些模式与社会网络理论中已确立的传染和情境影响过程相一致。通过将发病率和贫困构建为空间网络上相互依存的属性，本研究为不断增长的结构扩散、健康不平等和区域脆弱性研究文献做出了贡献。研究结果强调了跨府边界协调政策干预的重要性，并展示了基于网络的建模如何能够揭示健康与剥夺的空间动态。