Given the prevalence of online misinformation and our scarce cognitive capacity, Internet users have been shown to frequently fall victim to such information. As some studies have investigated psychological factors that make people susceptible to believe or share misinformation, some ongoing research further put these findings into practice by objectively identifying when and which users are vulnerable to misinformation. In this position paper, we highlight two ongoing avenues of research to identify vulnerable users: detecting cognitive biases and exploring misinformation spreaders. We also discuss the potential implications of these objective approaches: discovering more cohorts of vulnerable users and prompting interventions to more effectively address the right group of users. Lastly, we point out two of the understudied contexts for misinformation vulnerability research as opportunities for future research.

翻译：鉴于网上错误信息的普遍性和我们缺乏认知能力,因特网用户经常成为这类信息的受害者,一些研究调查了使人们容易相信或分享错误信息的心理因素,一些正在进行的研究通过客观地查明哪些用户容易受到错误信息而进一步将这些研究结果付诸实践。在本立场文件中,我们强调两个正在进行的研究途径,以识别脆弱的用户:发现认知偏见和探索错误信息传播者。我们还讨论了这些客观方法的潜在影响:发现更多的脆弱用户群,促使采取干预措施,更有效地处理正确的用户群。最后,我们指出,对错误信息脆弱性研究的两种研究背景研究不足,是今后研究的机会。