Interactive information dashboards can help both specialists and the general public understand complex datasets; but interacting with these dashboards often presents users with challenges such as understanding and verifying the presented information. To overcome these challenges, developers first need to acquire a thorough understanding of user perspectives, including strategies that users take when presented with problematic dashboards. We interviewed seventeen dashboard developers to establish (i) their understanding of user problems, (ii) the adaptations introduced as a result, and (iii) whether user-tailored dashboards can cater for users' individual differences. We find that users' literacy does not typically align with that required to use dashboards, while dashboard developers struggle with keeping up with changing requirements. We also find that developers are able to propose solutions to most users' problems but not all. Encouragingly, our findings also highlight that tailoring dashboards to individual user needs is not only desirable, but also feasible. These findings inform future dashboard design recommendations that can mitigate the identified challenges including recommendations for data presentation and visual literacy.

翻译：互动信息仪表板可以帮助专家和公众了解复杂的数据集;但与这些仪表板互动往往给用户带来理解和核实所提供信息等挑战。为了克服这些挑战,开发商首先需要充分了解用户的观点,包括用户在使用问题仪表板时采取的战略。我们采访了17个仪表板开发商,以确定:(一) 他们了解用户问题,(二) 结果作出的调整,以及(三) 用户定制的仪表板是否适合用户的个人差异。我们发现,用户的识字通常与使用仪表板的要求不相符,而仪表板开发商则在努力跟上不断变化的要求。我们还发现,开发商能够提出解决大多数用户问题的办法,但并不是所有问题的办法。令人鼓舞的是,我们的调查结果还突出表明,根据个人用户的需要定制仪表板不仅可取,而且可行。这些调查结果为今后的仪表板设计建议提供了依据,可以减轻已查明的挑战,包括数据列报和视觉识读的建议。