We present a thorough analysis of the use of CXL-based heterogeneous systems. We built a cluster of server systems that combines different vendor's CPUs and various types of CXL devices. We further developed a heterogeneous memory benchmark suite, Heimdall, to profile the performance of such heterogeneous systems. By leveraging Heimdall, we unveiled the detailed architecture design in these systems, drew observations on optimizing performance for workloads, and pointed out directions for future development of CXL-based heterogeneous systems.

翻译：本文对基于CXL的异构系统应用进行了全面分析。我们构建了一个服务器系统集群，该集群整合了不同厂商的CPU与多种类型的CXL设备。进一步开发了异构内存基准测试套件Heimdall，用以剖析此类异构系统的性能表现。通过运用Heimdall工具，我们揭示了这些系统中精细的架构设计，总结了面向工作负载的性能优化经验，并指出了基于CXL的异构系统未来发展的方向。