This study comprehensively evaluates tuning methods for autofocal glasses using virtual reality (VR), addressing the challenge of presbyopia. With aging, presbyopia diminishes the eye's ability to focus on nearby objects, impacting the quality of life for billions. Autofocals, employing focus-tunable lenses, dynamically adjust optical power for each fixation, promising a more natural visual experience than traditional bifocal or multifocal lenses. Our research contrasts the most common tuning methods - manual, gaze-based, and vergence - within a VR setup to mimic real-world scenarios. Utilizing the XTAL VR headset equipped with eye-tracking, the study replicated autofocal scenarios, measuring performance and usability through psychophysical tasks and NASA TLX surveys. Results show varying strengths and weaknesses across methods, with gaze control excelling in precision but not necessarily comfort and manual control providing stability and predictability. The findings guide the selection of tuning methods based on task requirements and user preferences, highlighting a balance between precision and ease of use.

翻译：本研究在虚拟现实（VR）环境中全面评估了自动变焦眼镜的调节方法，旨在解决老花眼这一挑战。随着年龄增长，老花眼会削弱眼睛对近处物体的聚焦能力，影响数十亿人的生活品质。自动变焦眼镜采用可调焦透镜，能够根据每次注视动态调整光学度数，相较于传统双焦点或多焦点镜片，提供更自然的视觉体验。我们的研究在VR设置中对比了最常见的调节方法——手动调节、基于注视的调节和辐辏调节，以模拟真实场景。利用搭载眼动追踪功能的XTAL VR头戴设备，研究复制了自动变焦场景，通过心理物理任务和NASA TLX调查测量了性能与可用性。结果显示各方法优劣各异：注视控制精确性突出但未必舒适，手动控制则提供稳定性和可预测性。研究结果指导了基于任务需求和用户偏好的调节方法选择，强调了精确性与易用性之间的平衡。