The role of an expert in the decision-making process is crucial, as the final recommendation depends on his disposition, clarity of mind, experience, and knowledge of the problem. However, the recommendation also depends on their honesty. But what if the expert is dishonest? Then, the answer on how difficult it is to manipulate in a given case becomes essential. In the presented work, we consider manipulation of a ranking obtained by comparing alternatives in pairs. More specifically, we propose an algorithm for finding an almost optimal way to swap the positions of two selected alternatives. Thanks to this, it is possible to determine how difficult such manipulation is in a given case. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by a practical example.

翻译：专家在决策过程中的角色至关重要，因为最终建议取决于其倾向、思维清晰度、经验及对问题的认知。然而，建议同样取决于其诚实性。但若专家不诚实，则在特定案例中进行操控的难度问题便变得至关重要。本研究考虑对通过成对比较备选方案而获得的排序进行操控。具体而言，我们提出一种算法，用于寻找交换两个选定备选方案位置的近乎最优方式。基于此，可确定此类操控在特定案例中的难度。理论分析通过实际案例进行阐释。