Current recommendation systems are significantly affected by a serious issue of temporal data shift, which is the inconsistency between the distribution of historical data and that of online data. Most existing models focus on utilizing updated data, overlooking the transferable, temporal data shift-free information that can be learned from shifting data. We propose the Temporal Invariance of Association theorem, which suggests that given a fixed search space, the relationship between the data and the data in the search space keeps invariant over time. Leveraging this principle, we designed a retrieval-based recommendation system framework that can train a data shift-free relevance network using shifting data, significantly enhancing the predictive performance of the original model in the recommendation system. However, retrieval-based recommendation models face substantial inference time costs when deployed online. To address this, we further designed a distill framework that can distill information from the relevance network into a parameterized module using shifting data. The distilled model can be deployed online alongside the original model, with only a minimal increase in inference time. Extensive experiments on multiple real datasets demonstrate that our framework significantly improves the performance of the original model by utilizing shifting data.

翻译：当前推荐系统深受时间数据偏移问题的显著影响，即历史数据分布与在线数据分布之间存在不一致性。现有模型大多专注于利用更新后的数据，忽略了从偏移数据中可学习的可迁移、无时间数据偏移信息。我们提出关联时间不变性定理，该定理表明：在给定固定搜索空间的情况下，数据与搜索空间内数据之间的关系随时间保持恒定。基于这一原理，我们设计了一种基于检索的推荐系统框架，该框架可利用偏移数据训练无数据偏移的相关性网络，显著提升原始模型在推荐系统中的预测性能。然而，基于检索的推荐模型在在线部署时面临巨大的推理时间成本。为解决此问题，我们进一步设计了蒸馏框架，该框架可借助偏移数据将相关性网络中的信息蒸馏至参数化模块中。蒸馏后的模型可与原始模型共同在线部署，且推理时间的增量极小。在多个真实数据集上的大量实验表明，我们的框架可通过利用偏移数据显著提升原始模型的性能。