Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) will revolutionize tomorrow's intelligent transportation systems, being considered promising to improve transportation safety, traffic efficiency, and mobility. In fact, envisioned use cases of CAVs demand very high throughput, lower latency, highly reliable communications, and precise positioning capabilities. The availability of a large spectrum at millimeter-wave (mmWave) band potentially promotes new specifications in spectrum technologies capable of supporting such service requirements. In this article, we specifically focus on how mmWave communications are being approached in vehicular standardization activities, CAVs use cases and deployment challenges in realizing the future fully connected settings. Finally, we also present a detailed performance assessment on mmWave-enabled vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) cooperative perception as an example case study to show the impact of different configurations.

翻译：网联自动驾驶汽车（CAVs）将彻底改变未来智能交通系统，有望显著提升交通安全、通行效率与出行机动性。事实上，CAV的预期应用场景对通信吞吐量、延迟、可靠性与定位精度提出了极高要求。毫米波（mmWave）频段的大带宽潜力，推动频谱技术形成新型规范以支撑此类业务需求。本文聚焦于车联网标准化进程中毫米波通信的演进路径、CAV应用场景及其在实现未来全互联环境时面临的部署挑战。最后，我们以毫米波赋能的车对车（V2V）协同感知为例，通过详细性能评估揭示不同配置方案的实际影响。