Educational disparities within the Dominican Republic (DR) have long-standing origins rooted in economic, political, and social inequity. Addressing these challenges has necessarily called for capacity building with respect to educational materials, high-quality instruction, and structural resourcing. Generative AI tools like ChatGPT have begun to pique the interest of Dominican educators due to their perceived potential to bridge these educational gaps. However, a substantial body of AI fairness literature has documented ways AI disproportionately reinforces power dynamics reflective of jurisdictions driving AI development and deployment policies, collectively termed the AI Global North. As such, indiscriminate adoption of this technology for DR education, even in part, risks perpetuating forms of digital coloniality. Therefore, this paper centers embracing AI-facilitated educational reform by critically examining how AI-driven tools like ChatGPT in DR education may replicate facets of digital colonialism. We provide a concise overview of 20th-century Dominican education reforms following the 1916 US occupation. Then, we employ identified neocolonial aspects historically shaping Dominican education to interrogate the perceived advantages of ChatGPT for contemporary Dominican education, as outlined by a Dominican scholar. This work invites AI Global North & South developers, stakeholders, and Dominican leaders alike to exercise a relational contextualization of data-centric epistemologies like ChatGPT to reap its transformative benefits while remaining vigilant of safeguarding Dominican digital sovereignty.

翻译：多米尼加共和国（DR）的教育差距根植于长期存在的经济、政治和社会不平等。应对这些挑战必然要求在教学材料、高质量教学和结构性资源方面进行能力建设。像ChatGPT这样的生成式AI工具因其在弥合教育差距方面的潜在作用，已开始引起多米尼加教育工作者的兴趣。然而，大量AI公平性文献表明，AI会不成比例地强化反映主导AI开发与部署政策司法管辖区的权力动态，这些司法管辖区统称为“AI全球北方”。因此，不加区分地将该技术用于多米尼加教育——即使只是部分应用——可能会延续数字殖民主义的形式。为此，本文聚焦于通过批判性审视ChatGPT等AI驱动工具如何在多米尼加教育中复制数字殖民主义的某些方面，来探讨如何推动AI辅助的教育改革。我们简要概述了1916年美国占领后20世纪多米尼加教育改革的历程，然后利用历史上塑造多米尼加教育的新殖民主义特征，对一位多米尼加学者所阐述的ChatGPT对当代多米尼加教育的所谓优势进行批判性质询。本研究邀请AI全球北方与南方的开发者、利益相关者以及多米尼加领导人共同对ChatGPT等数据中心化认识论进行关系性情境化解读，以充分利用其变革性益处，同时警惕保护多米尼加的数字主权。