Recent advancements in low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites aim to bring resilience, ubiquitous, and high-quality service to future Internet infrastructure. However, the soaring number of space assets, increasing dynamics of LEO satellites and expanding dimensions of network threats call for an enhanced approach to efficient satellite operations. To address these pressing challenges, we propose an approach for satellite network operations based on multi-layer satellite networking (MLSN), called "SatNetOps". Two SatNetOps schemes are proposed, referred to as LEO-LEO MLSN (LLM) and GEO-LEO MLSN (GLM). The performance of the proposed schemes is evaluated in 24-hr satellite scenarios with typical payload setups in simulations, where the key metrics such as latency and reliability are discussed with the consideration of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standard-compliant telemetry and telecommand missions. Although the SatNetOps approach is promising, we analyze the factors affecting the performance of the LLM and GLM schemes. The discussions on the results and conclusive remarks are made in the end.

翻译：近年来，低地球轨道（LEO）卫星技术的进步旨在为未来互联网基础设施带来韧性、泛在且高质量的服务。然而，空间资产数量的激增、LEO卫星动态性的日益增强以及网络威胁维度的扩大，都要求采用一种更高效的方法来提升卫星运营效率。为应对这些紧迫挑战，我们提出了一种基于多层卫星组网（MLSN）的卫星网络运营方法，称为“SatNetOps”。本文提出了两种SatNetOps方案，分别称为LEO-LEO多层卫星组网（LLM）和GEO-LEO多层卫星组网（GLM）。通过在仿真中设置典型有效载荷的24小时卫星场景，对所提方案的性能进行了评估，其中结合符合空间数据系统咨询委员会（CCSDS）标准的遥测与遥控任务，对时延和可靠性等关键指标进行了讨论。尽管SatNetOps方法前景广阔，我们仍分析了影响LLM和GLM方案性能的因素。最后对结果进行了讨论并给出了结论性评述。