The paper presents a comparative user study between an Augmented Reality-based Computer-Aided Design (AR-CAD) system and a traditional computer-based CAD modeling software, SolidWorks. Twenty participants of varying skill levels performed 3D modeling tasks using both systems. The results showed that while the average task completion time is comparable for both groups, novice designers had a higher completion rate in AR-CAD than in the traditional CAD interface, and experienced designers had a similar completion rate in both systems. A statistical comparison of task completion rate, time, and NASA Task Load Index (TLX) showed that AR-CAD slightly reduced cognitive load while favoring a high task completion rate. Higher scores on the System Usability Scale (SUS) by novices indicated that AR-CAD was superior and worthwhile for reducing barriers to entering CAD. In contrast, the Traditional CAD interface was favored by experienced users for its advanced capabilities, while many viewed AR-CAD as a valid means for rapid concept development, education, and an initial critique of designs. This opens up the need for future research on the needed refinement of AR-CAD with a focus on high-precision input tools and its evaluation of complex design processes. This research highlights the potential for immersive interfaces to enhance design practice, bridging the gap between novice and experienced CAD users.

翻译：本文对基于增强现实的计算机辅助设计（AR-CAD）系统与传统计算机CAD建模软件SolidWorks进行了对比性用户研究。二十名不同技能水平的参与者使用两种系统完成了三维建模任务。结果显示，尽管两组平均任务完成时间相近，但新手设计师在AR-CAD中的任务完成率高于传统CAD界面，而经验丰富的设计师在两种系统中的完成率相当。对任务完成率、完成时间及NASA任务负荷指数（TLX）的统计比较表明，AR-CAD在支持较高任务完成率的同时略微降低了认知负荷。新手在系统可用性量表（SUS）上的更高评分表明，AR-CAD在降低CAD入门门槛方面更具优势且具有应用价值。相比之下，经验丰富的用户更青睐传统CAD界面提供的高级功能，同时许多参与者认为AR-CAD是快速概念开发、设计教育及初期设计评估的有效工具。这为未来研究提出了新需求：需聚焦高精度输入工具的研发，并对复杂设计流程进行评估，以进一步完善AR-CAD系统。本研究揭示了沉浸式界面在增强设计实践、弥合CAD新手与专家之间鸿沟方面的潜力。