Recent advances in quantum computing pose a serious threat on the security of widely used public-key cryptosystems. Thus, new post-quantum cryptographic algorithms have been proposed as part of the associated US NIST process to enable secure, encrypted communication in the age of quantum computing. Many hardware accelerators for structured lattice-based algorithms have already been published to meet the strict power, area and latency requirements of low-power IoT edge devices. However, the security of these algorithms is still uncertain. Currently, many new attacks against the lattice structure are investigated to judge on their security. In contrast, code-based algorithms, which rely on deeply explored security metrics and are appealing candidates in the NIST process, have not yet been investigated to the same depth in the context of IoT due to the computational complexity and memory footprint of state-of-the-art software implementations. In this paper, we present to the best of our knowledge the first HW/SW co-design based implementation of the code-based Hamming Quasi Cyclic Key-Encapsulation Mechanism. We profile and evaluate this algorithm in order to explore the trade-off between software optimizations, tightly coupled hardware acceleration by instruction set extension and modular, loosely coupled accelerators. We provide detailed results on the energy consumption and performance of our design and compare it to existing implementations of lattice- and code-based algorithms. The design was implemented in two technologies: FPGA and ASIC. Our results show that code-based algorithms are valid alternatives in low-power IoT from an implementation perspective.

翻译：量子计算的最新进展对广泛使用的公用密钥加密系统的安全构成严重威胁,因此,作为相关的美国 NIST 进程的一部分,提出了新的后Qantantum加密算法,以便在量子计算时代进行安全、加密的通信。基于结构的 Lattice 算法的许多硬件加速器已经出版,以满足低功率 IOT 边缘装置的严格电力、面积和耐久性要求。然而,这些算法的安全仍然不确定。目前,正在调查许多针对 lattice 结构的新攻击,以判断其安全性。相比之下,基于代码的算法是作为美国 NIST 相关进程的一部分,在量子计算时代能够进行安全、加密通信通信的通信。由于计算复杂程度和最先进的软件实施过程的记忆力,因此尚未在IOT中进行同样的调查。 在基于代码的 Hammuming Qucas Cyclic Cyc Cycal Calational-deal Development A-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-deal-Scial-Scial-Scial-Slationalational-Slationalational 和我们-Scial-Scial-这是我们,我们在设计设计设计、我们制算法化码,我们制算法化、制算法化、我们现行设计设计、我们制算法化、我们制价和制价和制算法化、我们的系统化、制制的系统化、制制制制的系统化、我们制、我们制、我们制、制、制、制、制能、我们制、制、制、制价、制能、制能和制价、我们制价、制制制制的系统、我们制、我们制、制、我们制、我们制、我们制、制价、制、我们制、我们制价、我们制价、制价、我们制价、我们制价、我们制价、我们制价、我们制的