This paper systematizes log based Transparency Enhancing Technologies. Based on work on transparency from multiple disciplines we outline the purpose, usefulness, and pitfalls of transparency. We describe the mechanisms that allow log based transparency enhancing technologies to be implemented, in particular logging mechanisms, sanitisation mechanisms and the trade-offs with privacy, data release and query mechanisms, and how transparency relates to the external mechanisms that enable contesting a system and holding system operators accountable. We illustrate this with two examples, Certificate Transparency and cryptocurrencies, and show the role that transparency plays in their function as well as the issues these systems face in delivering transparency.

翻译：本文系统梳理了基于日志的透明度增强技术。基于多学科透明度研究成果，我们概述了透明度的目的、效用及潜在缺陷。我们描述了实现基于日志的透明度增强技术的机制，特别是日志记录机制、清洗机制及其与隐私的权衡、数据发布与查询机制，以及透明度如何与实现系统质疑和运营者问责的外部机制相关联。通过证书透明度和加密货币两个实例，阐明了透明度在其功能中的作用，以及这些系统在实现透明度过程中面临的问题。