Autonomous truck and trailer configurations face challenges when operating in reverse due to the lack of sensing on the trailer. It is anticipated that sensor packages will be installed on existing trailers to extend autonomous operations while operating in reverse in uncontrolled environments, like a customer's loading dock. Power Line Communication (PLC) between the trailer and the tractor cannot support high bandwidth and low latency communication. This paper explores the impact of using Ethernet or a wireless medium for commercial trailer-tractor communication on the lifecycle and operation of trailer electronic control units (ECUs) from a Systems Engineering perspective to address system requirements, integration, and security. Additionally, content-based and host-based networking approaches for in-vehicle communication, such as Named Data Networking (NDN) and IP-based networking are compared. Implementation, testing and evaluation of prototype trailer ECU communication with the tractor ECUs over Ethernet is shown by transmitting different data types simultaneously. The implementation is tested with two networking approaches, Named Data Networking, and Data Distribution Service (DDS) and the test indicated that NDN over TCP is an efficient approach that is capable of meeting automotive communication requirements. Using Ethernet or a wireless harness and NDN for commercial trailer Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) ECU provides adequate resources for the operation of autonomous trucks and the expansion of its capabilities, and at the same time significantly reduces the complexities compared to when new features are added to legacy communication systems. Using a wireless medium for tractor-trailer communication will bring new cybersecurity challenges and requirements which requires new development and lifecycle considerations.

翻译：自主式卡车与拖车配置在倒车操作时面临挑战，原因在于拖车缺乏感知能力。预计将在现有拖车上安装传感器套件，以在非受控环境（如客户装卸平台）中扩展倒车操作的自主功能。拖车与拖拉机之间的电力线通信（PLC）无法支持高带宽、低延迟的通信需求。本文从系统工程视角出发，探讨在商用拖车-拖拉机通信中使用以太网或无线介质对拖车电子控制单元（ECU）生命周期及运行的影响，以解决系统需求、集成及安全问题。此外，本文还对比了基于内容与基于主机的车内通信方式（如命名数据网络（NDN）与基于IP的网络）。通过同时传输多种数据类型，展示了拖车ECU与拖拉机ECU基于以太网通信的原型实现、测试及评估。该实现采用两种网络方法——命名数据网络（NDN）和数据分发服务（DDS）进行测试，结果表明基于TCP的NDN是能够满足汽车通信需求的有效方案。将以太网或无线线束与NDN应用于商用拖车防抱死制动系统（ABS）ECU，可为自主卡车运行及能力扩展提供充足资源，同时显著降低为传统通信系统新增功能时的复杂性。采用无线介质进行拖拉机-拖车通信将带来新的网络安全挑战与需求，这需要新的开发及生命周期考量。