OLTP has stringent performance requirements defined by Service Level Agreements. Transaction response time is used to determine the maximum throughout in benchmarks. Capacity planning tools for OLTP performance are based on queueing network models for hardware resources and database lock contention has a secondary effect on performance. With ever increasing levels of e-commerce and surges in OLTP traffic we discuss the need for studies of database workloads to develop more realistic lock/latch contention models. Predictive formulas to model increased load leading to thrashing for txns with identical and nonidentical steps are presented. We review concurrency control methods to reduce the level of lock/data conflicts in high contention environments.

翻译：OLTP（联机事务处理）对性能有严格的服务等级协议要求。事务响应时间通常被用作基准测试中最大吞吐量的判定依据。针对OLTP性能的容量规划工具主要基于硬件资源的排队网络模型，而数据库锁争用对性能的影响仅被视为次要因素。随着电子商务规模的持续增长及OLTP流量的激增，本文论证了开展数据库负载研究以构建更贴合实际的锁/闩争用模型的必要性。针对具有相同与不同步骤的事务，提出了预测负载增加导致系统颠簸的量化公式。同时，我们系统评述了面向高争用环境降低锁/数据冲突的并发控制方法。