Large language models of artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, find remarkable but controversial applicability in science and research. This paper reviews epistemological challenges, ethical and integrity risks in science conduct in the advent of generative AI. This is with the aim to lay new timely foundations for a high-quality research ethics review. The role of AI language models as a research instrument and subject is scrutinized along with ethical implications for scientists, participants and reviewers. New emerging practices for research ethics review are discussed, concluding with ten recommendations that shape a response for a more responsible research conduct in the era of AI.

翻译：人工智能大语言模型（如ChatGPT）在科学和研究领域展现出显著但富有争议的适用性。本文系统梳理了生成式AI兴起对科学实践带来的认识论挑战、伦理风险与诚信危机，旨在为高质量的研究伦理审查奠定新的及时基础。论文深入剖析了AI语言模型作为研究工具和研究对象的双重角色，以及其对科学家、研究参与者和评审人员产生的伦理影响。通过探讨新兴的研究伦理审查实践，最终提出十项建议，为人工智能时代更具责任感的科学研究行为提供了应对方案。