Movable antenna (MA) introduces a new degree of freedom for future wireless communication systems by enabling the adaptive adjustment of antenna positions. Its large-range movement renders wireless channels transmission into the near-field region, which brings new performance enhancement for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). This paper proposes a novel multi-stage design framework for broadband near-field ISAC assisted by MA. The framework first divides the MA movement area into multiple subregions, and employs the Newtonized orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm (NOMP) to achieve high-precision angle estimation in each subregion. Subsequently, a method called near-field localization via subregion ray clustering (LSRC) is proposed for identifying the positions of scatterers. This method finds the coordinates of each scatterer by jointly processing the angle estimates across all subregions. Finally, according to the estimated locations of the scatterers, the near-field channel estimation (CE) is refined for improving communication performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can significantly enhance MA sensing accuracy and CE, providing an efficient solution for MA-aided near-field ISAC.

翻译：可移动天线（MA）通过实现天线位置的自适应调整，为未来无线通信系统引入了新的自由度。其大范围移动使无线信道传输进入近场区域，这为集成感知与通信（ISAC）带来了新的性能提升。本文提出了一种基于MA辅助的宽带近场ISAC新型多阶段设计框架。该框架首先将MA移动区域划分为多个子区域，并采用牛顿化正交匹配追踪算法（NOMP）在每个子区域内实现高精度角度估计。随后，提出了一种通过子区域射线聚类进行近场定位（LSRC）的方法来识别散射体的位置。该方法通过联合处理所有子区域的角度估计结果，确定每个散射体的坐标。最后，根据估计的散射体位置，对近场信道估计（CE）进行细化以提升通信性能。仿真结果表明，所提方案能显著提高MA感知精度和CE性能，为MA辅助的近场ISAC提供了高效解决方案。