The study of spoken languages comprises phonology, morphology, and grammar. Analysis of a language can be based on its syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The languages can be classified as root languages, inflectional languages, and stem languages. All these factors lead to the formation of vocabulary which has commonality/similarity as well as distinct and subtle differences across languages. In this paper, we make use of Paninian system of sounds to construct a phonetic map and then words are represented as state transitions on the phonetic map. Each group of related words that cut across languages is represented by a m-language (morphological language). Morphological Finite Automata (MFA) are defined that accept the words belonging to a given m-language. This exercise can enable us to better understand the inter-relationships between words in spoken languages in both language-agnostic and language-cognizant manner.

翻译：口语语言的研究涵盖音系学、形态学和语法学。语言分析可依据其句法、语义及语用层面展开。语言可分为词根语言、屈折语言和词干语言。这些因素共同形成了词汇的构成，词汇在不同语言间既存在共性/相似性，亦存在显著而微妙的差异。本文利用波你尼语音体系构建语音映射图，并将词语表示为该映射图上的状态转移。每组跨语言关联词汇由m-语言（形态语言）表征。我们定义了形态有限自动机，用于接纳属于特定m-语言的词汇。此项研究有助于我们在语言无关与语言认知的双重视角下，更深入地理解口语语言中词汇间的内在关联。