In mobile wireless networks, livestreaming in high user density areas presents two typical challenges: the wireless bandwidth is depleted and the number of users is limited. In this study, a media distribution model utilizing peer to peer communications, Active Control in an Intelligent and Distributed Environment, is proposed for bandwidth efficient livestreaming. The basic idea is to group users with identical livestream interest in a cluster of n peers. Instead of sending n copies of a livestream package, only one copy is sent to the cluster. A package is divided into n blocks. Each user receives one block from the base station and the remaining n-1 blocks from the other peers. Two optimization problems are addressed. The first problem is minimizing the bandwidth needed to guarantee a continuous live media play on all peers. A solution is proposed to find the optimal block sizes such that the wireless bandwidth is minimized. The second problem is maximizing the number of peers admitted to a cluster, given a fixed wireless bandwidth. This problem is NP-complete and a greedy strategy is proposed to calculate a feasible solution for peer selection. The proposed model improves the bandwidth efficiency and allows more users to be served.

翻译：在移动无线网络中，高用户密度区域的直播流传输面临两个典型挑战：无线带宽资源耗尽且用户数量受限。本研究提出了一种利用点对点通信的媒体分发模型——智能分布式环境中的主动控制（Active Control in an Intelligent and Distributed Environment），以实现带宽高效的直播流传输。其基本思想是将具有相同直播兴趣的用户组织成一个包含n个对等节点的集群。系统无需发送n份直播数据包副本，而仅需向集群发送一份副本。每个数据包被划分为n个数据块。每个用户从基站接收一个数据块，并从其他对等节点接收剩余的n-1个数据块。研究解决了两个优化问题：第一个问题是最小化保证所有对等节点连续播放直播媒体所需的带宽，提出了通过寻找最优数据块大小以实现无线带宽最小化的解决方案；第二个问题是在给定固定无线带宽条件下，最大化集群可接纳的对等节点数量。该问题属于NP完全问题，本文提出一种贪心策略来计算对等节点选择的可行解。所提模型提升了带宽利用效率，使更多用户能够获得服务。