An algorithm for robust initial orbit determination (IOD) under perturbed orbital dynamics is presented. By leveraging map inversion techniques defined in the algebra of Taylor polynomials, this tool is capable of not only returning an highly accurate solution to the IOD problem, but also estimating a range of validity for the aforementioned solution in which the true orbit state should lie. Automatic domain splitting is then used on top of the IOD routines to ensure the local truncation error introduced by a polynomial representation of the state estimate remains below a predefined threshold to meet the specified requirements in accuracy. The algorithm is adapted to three types of ground based sensors, namely range radars, Doppler-only radars and optical telescopes by taking into account their different constraints in terms of available measurements and sensor noise. Its improved performance with respect to a Keplerian based IOD solution is finally demonstrated with large scale numerical simulations over a subset of tracked objects in low Earth orbit.

翻译：提出了一种在受摄轨道动力学条件下实现鲁棒初始轨道确定（IOD）的算法。通过利用泰勒多项式代数中定义的映射逆变换技术，该工具不仅能返回IOD问题的高精度解，还能估计上述解的有效范围（真实轨道状态应位于该范围内）。在此基础上，算法采用自动域分割技术，确保状态估计的多项式表示引入的局部截断误差始终低于预设阈值，以满足指定的精度要求。该算法针对三种地基传感器（即测距雷达、仅多普勒雷达和光学望远镜）进行适配，充分考虑了它们在可用测量值与传感器噪声方面的不同约束。最后，通过对近地轨道中部分跟踪目标的大规模数值模拟，证明了该算法相较于基于开普勒轨道的IOD解具有更优越的性能。