The term ethics is widely used, explored, and debated in the context of developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) based software systems. In recent years, numerous incidents have raised the profile of ethical issues in AI development and led to public concerns about the proliferation of AI technology in our everyday lives. But what do we know about the views and experiences of those who develop these systems- the AI practitioners? We conducted a grounded theory literature review (GTLR) of 38 primary empirical studies that included AI practitioners' views on ethics in AI and analysed them to derive five categories: practitioner awareness, perception, need, challenge, and approach. These are underpinned by multiple codes and concepts that we explain with evidence from the included studies. We present a taxonomy of ethics in AI from practitioners' viewpoints to assist AI practitioners in identifying and understanding the different aspects of AI ethics. The taxonomy provides a landscape view of the key aspects that concern AI practitioners when it comes to ethics in AI. We also share an agenda for future research studies and recommendations for practitioners, managers, and organisations to help in their efforts to better consider and implement ethics in AI.

翻译：“伦理”一词在基于人工智能（AI）的软件系统开发语境中被广泛使用、探讨和辩论。近年来，众多事件提高了AI开发中伦理问题的关注度，并引发了公众对AI技术渗透日常生活的担忧。然而，我们对这些系统开发者——即AI从业者——的观点和经验了解多少？本研究对38项纳入AI从业者对AI伦理看法的原始实证研究进行了扎根理论文献综述（GTLR），通过分析提炼出五大范畴：从业者认知、感知、需求、挑战与方法。这些范畴由多项编码与概念支撑，我们结合纳入研究的证据加以阐释。我们提出了一个基于从业者视角的AI伦理分类体系，旨在帮助AI从业者识别并理解AI伦理的多元维度。该分类体系呈现了AI从业者在伦理议题上所关注的关键层面全景。此外，我们提出了未来研究议程，并为从业者、管理者及组织提供建议，以助力其更好地审视与落实AI中的伦理问题。