Very high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing (RS) scene classification is a challenging task due to the higher inter-class similarity and intra-class variability problems. Recently, the existing deep learning (DL)-based methods have shown great promise in VHR RS scene classification. However, they still provide an unstable classification performance. To address such a problem, we, in this letter, propose a novel DL-based approach. For this, we devise an enhanced VHR attention module (EAM), followed by the atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) and global average pooling (GAP). This procedure imparts the enhanced features from the corresponding level. Then, the multi-level feature fusion is performed. Experimental results on two widely-used VHR RS datasets show that the proposed approach yields a competitive and stable/robust classification performance with the least standard deviation of 0.001. Further, the highest overall accuracies on the AID and the NWPU datasets are 95.39% and 93.04%, respectively.

翻译：甚高分辨率（VHR）遥感（RS）场景分类因存在较高的类间相似性与类内差异性难题而极具挑战性。近年来，现有基于深度学习（DL）的方法在VHR RS场景分类中展现出巨大潜力，但仍存在分类性能不稳定的问题。针对该问题，本文提出一种新型DL方法。为此，我们设计了增强型VHR注意力模块（EAM），随后接入空洞空间金字塔池化（ASPP）与全局平均池化（GAP）。该流程从相应层级中提取增强特征，并执行多层级特征融合。在两个广泛使用的VHR RS数据集上的实验结果表明，所提方法在标准差最低达0.001的情况下，实现了具有竞争力且稳定/鲁棒的分类性能。此外，在AID和NWPU数据集上的最高总体精度分别达到95.39%和93.04%。