Encompassing a diverse population of developers, non-technical users, organizations, and many other stakeholders, open source software (OSS) development has expanded to broader social movements from the initial product development aims. Ideology, as a coherent system of ideas, offers value commitments and normative implications for any social movement, so does OSS ideology for the open source movement. However, the literature on open source ideology is often fragile, or lacking in empirical evidence. In this paper, we sought to develop a comprehensive empirical theory of ideologies in open source software movement. Following a grounded theory procedure, we collected and analyzed data from 22 semi-structured interviews and 41 video recordings of Open Source Initiative (OSI) board members' public speeches. An empirical theory of OSS ideology emerged in our analysis, with six key categories: membership, norms/values, goals, activities, resources, and positions/group relations; each consists of a number of themes and subthemes. We discussed a subset of carefully selected themes and subthemes in detail based on their theoretical significance. With this ideological lens, we examined the implications and insights into open source development, and shed light on the research into open source as a social-cultural construction in the future.

翻译：涵盖开发者、非技术用户、组织及其他众多利益相关者等多元群体，开源软件（OSS）已从最初的产品开发目标扩展至更广泛的社会运动。意识形态作为一套连贯的观念体系，为任何社会运动提供价值承诺与规范性启示，开源软件意识形态亦为开源运动赋予此种功能。然而，现有关于开源意识形态的文献往往缺乏稳健性或实证证据支持。本文旨在构建开源软件运动中意识形态的综合性实证理论。遵循扎根理论研究方法，我们收集并分析了22次半结构化访谈数据以及41段开源促进会（OSI）理事会成员公开演讲视频资料。通过分析，我们提炼出包含六个核心类别的开源软件意识形态实证理论：成员构成、规范/价值观、目标、活动、资源及立场/群体关系；每个类别均包含若干主题与子主题。基于理论重要性，我们详细讨论了经审慎筛选的主题与子主题。借助这一意识形态分析框架，我们探讨了其对开源开发的启示与洞见，并为未来将开源视为社会文化建构的研究提供了新视角。