Foundation models including large language models (LLMs) are increasingly attracting interest worldwide for their distinguished capabilities and potential to perform a wide variety of tasks. Nevertheless, people are concerned about whether foundation model based AI systems are properly governed to ensure trustworthiness of foundation model based AI systems and to prevent misuse that could harm humans, society and the environment. In this paper, we identify eight governance challenges of foundation model based AI systems regarding the three fundamental dimensions of governance: decision rights, incentives, and accountability. Furthermore, we explore the potential of blockchain as a solution to address the challenges by providing a distributed ledger to facilitate decentralised governance. We present an architecture that demonstrates how blockchain can be leveraged to realise governance in foundation model based AI systems.

翻译：基础模型，包括大语言模型（LLMs），因其卓越的能力及执行多样化任务的潜力，正日益吸引全球范围内的关注。然而，人们担忧基于基础模型的人工智能系统是否能够得到妥善治理，以确保其可信度，并防止可能对人类、社会及环境造成损害的滥用行为。本文中，我们围绕治理的三个基本维度——决策权、激励机制和问责制——识别出基于基础模型的人工智能系统所面临的八项治理挑战。进而，我们探讨区块链作为解决方案的潜力，通过提供分布式账本来促进去中心化治理。我们提出一种架构，展示如何利用区块链实现基于基础模型的人工智能系统的治理。