Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides critical insights into the microstructural and connectional organization of the human brain. However, the availability of high-field, open-access datasets that include raw k-space data for advanced research remains limited. To address this gap, we introduce Diff5T, a first comprehensive 5.0 Tesla diffusion MRI dataset focusing on the human brain. This dataset includes raw k-space data and reconstructed diffusion images, acquired using a variety of imaging protocols. Diff5T is designed to support the development and benchmarking of innovative methods in artifact correction, image reconstruction, image preprocessing, diffusion modelling and tractography. The dataset features a wide range of diffusion parameters, including multiple b-values and gradient directions, allowing extensive research applications in studying human brain microstructure and connectivity. With its emphasis on open accessibility and detailed benchmarks, Diff5T serves as a valuable resource for advancing human brain mapping research using diffusion MRI, fostering reproducibility, and enabling collaboration across the neuroscience and medical imaging communities.

翻译：扩散磁共振成像（dMRI）为人类大脑的微观结构与连接组织提供了关键洞察。然而，包含原始K空间数据以供前沿研究使用的高场强、开放获取数据集仍然有限。为填补这一空白，我们推出了Diff5T——首个专注于人类大脑的综合性5.0特斯拉扩散磁共振成像数据集。该数据集包含通过多种成像协议采集的原始K空间数据及重建的扩散图像，旨在支持伪影校正、图像重建、图像预处理、扩散建模与纤维束成像等创新方法的开发与基准测试。数据集涵盖广泛的扩散参数（包括多b值与梯度方向），为研究人类大脑微观结构与连接性提供了广泛的研究应用场景。通过强调开放获取与详细基准，Diff5T成为利用扩散磁共振成像推进人类脑图谱研究、促进可重复性并推动神经科学与医学影像领域跨学科合作的重要资源。