Privacy and security in Smart Cities remain at constant risk due to the vulnerabilities introduced by Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The limited computational resources of these devices make them especially susceptible to attacks, while their widespread adoption increases the potential impact of security breaches. This article presents a review of security proposals aimed at protecting IoT devices in Smart City environments. The review was conducted by analyzing recent literature on device-level security, with particular emphasis on lightweight cryptography, physically unclonable functions (PUFs), and blockchain-based solutions. Findings highlight both the strengths and limitations of current approaches, as well as the need for more practical, scalable, and resource-efficient mechanisms to ensure user privacy and data protection in IoT ecosystems.

翻译：在智慧城市中，由于物联网设备引入的脆弱性，隐私与安全持续面临风险。这些设备有限的计算资源使其特别容易受到攻击，而其广泛部署则放大了安全漏洞的潜在影响。本文综述了旨在保护智慧城市环境中物联网设备的安全方案。综述通过分析近年来关于设备级安全的文献完成，尤其聚焦于轻量级密码学、物理不可克隆功能以及基于区块链的解决方案。研究结果既揭示了现有方法的优势与局限，也指出了在物联网生态系统中确保用户隐私与数据保护需要更实用、可扩展且资源高效的机制。