The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed several weaknesses in the public health infrastructure, including supply chain mechanisms and public health ICT systems. The expansion of testing and contact tracing has been key to identifying and isolating infected individuals, as well as tracking and containing the spread of the virus. Digital technologies, such as telemedicine and virtual consultations, have experienced a surge in demand to provide medical support while minimizing the risk of transmission and infection. The pandemic has made it clear that cooperation, information sharing, and communication among stakeholders are crucial in making the right decisions and preventing future outbreaks. Redesigning public health systems for effective management of outbreaks should include five key elements: disease surveillance and early warning systems, contact tracing and case management, data analytics and visualization, communication and education, and telemedicine. As the world navigates the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare ICT systems will play an increasingly important role in the future of healthcare delivery. In a post COVID-19 world, several ICT strategies should be implemented to improve the quality, efficiency, and accessibility of healthcare services, including the expansion of telemedicine, data analytics and population health management, interoperability, and cybersecurity. Overall, this report summarises the importance of early detection and rapid response, international cooperation and coordination, clear and consistent communication, investing in public health systems and emergency preparedness, digital technology and telemedicine, and equity and social determinants of health. These lessons demonstrate the need for better preparedness and planning for future crises and the importance of addressing underlying issues to create a more resilient and accessible digital infrastructure.

翻译：COVID-19疫情暴露了公共卫生基础设施的多项弱点，包括供应链机制与公共卫生信息系统。扩大检测和接触者追踪是识别和隔离感染者、追踪及遏制病毒传播的关键手段。远程医疗和虚拟问诊等数字技术的需求激增，以在降低传播与感染风险的同时提供医疗支持。疫情明确表明，利益相关方之间的协作、信息共享与沟通对制定正确决策及预防未来疫情爆发至关重要。重新设计公共卫生系统以有效应对疫情爆发应包含五个关键要素：疾病监测与早期预警系统、接触者追踪与病例管理、数据分析与可视化、沟通与教育，以及远程医疗。随着全球应对COVID-19疫情，医疗信息系统将在未来医疗服务中扮演日益重要的角色。在后疫情时代，应实施多项信息技术战略以提升医疗服务的质量、效率与可及性，包括扩大远程医疗、数据分析与人口健康管理、互操作性及网络安全。总体而言，本报告总结了早期检测与快速响应、国际合作与协调、清晰一致的沟通、投资公共卫生系统与应急准备、数字技术与远程医疗，以及健康公平与社会决定因素的重要性。这些教训表明，需为未来危机加强备灾与规划，并重视解决根本性问题，以构建更具韧性和可及性的数字基础设施。