With changing attitudes around knowledge, medicine, art, and technology, the human body has become a source of information and, ultimately, shareable and analyzable data. Centuries of illustrations and visualizations of the body occur within particular historical, social, and political contexts. These contexts are enmeshed in different so-called data cultures: ways that data, knowledge, and information are conceptualized and collected, structured and shared. In this work, we explore how information about the body was collected as well as the circulation, impact, and persuasive force of the resulting images. We show how mindfulness of data cultural influences remain crucial for today's designers, researchers, and consumers of visualizations. We conclude with a call for the field to reflect on how visualizations are not timeless and contextless mirrors on objective data, but as much a product of our time and place as the visualizations of the past.

翻译：随着知识、医学、艺术和技术相关观念的变化，人体已成为信息的来源，并最终转化为可共享、可分析的数据。数个世纪以来的人体插图和可视化呈现，均发生在特定的历史、社会和政治背景中。这些背景交织于不同的所谓"数据文化"之中：即数据、知识与信息被概念化、收集、结构化及共享的方式。在本研究中，我们探讨了关于身体的信息是如何被收集的，以及由此产生的图像的传播、影响和说服力。我们揭示出，对数据文化影响的关注对当今可视化设计者、研究者和使用者而言仍至关重要。最后，我们呼吁该领域反思：可视化并非永恒和脱离语境的客观数据镜像，而是与过去的可视化一样，同样是我们所处时代与地域的产物。