Background: The rapid development and use of generative AI (GenAI) tools in academia presents complex and multifaceted ethical challenges for its users. Earlier research primarily focused on academic integrity concerns related to students' use of AI tools. However, limited information is available on the impact of GenAI on academic research. This study aims to examine the ethical concerns arising from the use of GenAI across different phases of research and explores potential strategies to encourage its ethical use for research purposes. Methods: We selected one or more GenAI platforms applicable to various research phases (e.g. developing research questions, conducting literature reviews, processing data, and academic writing) and analysed them to identify potential ethical concerns relevant for that stage. Results: The analysis revealed several ethical concerns, including a lack of transparency, bias, censorship, fabrication (e.g. hallucinations and false data generation), copyright violations, and privacy issues. These findings underscore the need for cautious and mindful use of GenAI. Conclusions: The advancement and use of GenAI are continuously evolving, necessitating an ongoing in-depth evaluation. We propose a set of practical recommendations to support researchers in effectively integrating these tools while adhering to the fundamental principles of ethical research practices.

翻译：背景：生成式人工智能（GenAI）工具在学术界的快速发展和使用为其用户带来了复杂且多方面的伦理挑战。早期研究主要关注与学生使用AI工具相关的学术诚信问题。然而，关于GenAI对学术研究影响的信息有限。本研究旨在探讨在研究的不同阶段使用GenAI所产生的伦理关切，并探索鼓励其在研究目的上合乎伦理使用的潜在策略。方法：我们选取了一个或多个适用于不同研究阶段（例如，提出研究问题、进行文献综述、处理数据和学术写作）的GenAI平台，并对其进行分析，以识别与该阶段相关的潜在伦理关切。结果：分析揭示了若干伦理关切，包括缺乏透明度、偏见、审查、捏造（例如幻觉和虚假数据生成）、版权侵犯以及隐私问题。这些发现强调了需要谨慎且有意识地使用GenAI。结论：GenAI的发展和使用持续演变，需要进行持续深入的评估。我们提出了一套实用建议，以支持研究人员在遵守伦理研究实践基本原则的同时，有效整合这些工具。