In driving tasks, the driver's situation awareness of the surrounding scenario is crucial for safety driving. However, current methods of measuring situation awareness mostly rely on subjective questionnaires, which interrupt tasks and lack non-intrusive quantification. To address this issue, our study utilizes objective gaze motion data to provide an interference-free quantification method for situation awareness. Three quantitative scores are proposed to represent three different levels of awareness: perception, comprehension, and projection, and an overall score of situation awareness is also proposed based on above three scores. To validate our findings, we conducted experiments where subjects performed driving tasks in a virtual reality simulated environment. All the four proposed situation awareness scores have clearly shown a significant correlation with driving performance. The proposed not only illuminates a new path for understanding and evaluating the situation awareness but also offers a satisfying proxy for driving performance.

翻译：在驾驶任务中，驾驶员对周围场景的情境意识对安全驾驶至关重要。然而，当前情境意识的测量方法多依赖主观问卷，这不仅会中断任务，还缺乏非侵入式量化手段。为解决这一问题，本研究利用客观注视运动数据，提出了一种无干扰的情境意识量化方法。我们设计了三个定量评分，分别对应情境意识的三个不同层次：感知、理解与预测，并基于这三个评分进一步提出综合情境意识评分。为验证研究结果，我们开展了实验，让受试者在虚拟现实模拟环境中执行驾驶任务。所有四个情境意识评分均表现出与驾驶绩效的显著相关性。该研究不仅为理解和评估情境意识开辟了新路径，还为驾驶绩效提供了令人满意的替代指标。