Analytical modeling of field-assisted molecular communication under dynamic electric fields is fundamentally challenging due to the coupling between stochastic transport and complex boundary geometries, which renders conventional partial differential equation (PDE) approaches intractable. In this work, we introduce an effective stochastic modeling approach to address this challenge. By leveraging trajectory-reweighting techniques, we derive analytically tractable channel impulse response (CIR) expressions for both fully-absorbing and passive spherical receivers, where the latter serves as an exact theoretical baseline to validate our modeling accuracy. Building upon these models, we establish a dynamic waveform design framework for system optimization. Under a maximum \textit{a posteriori} decision-feedback equalizer (MAP-DFE) framework, we show that the first-slot received probability serves as the primary determinant of the bit error probability (BEP), while inter-symbol interference manifests as higher-order corrections. Exploiting the monotonic response of the fully-absorbing architecture and using the limitations of the passive model to justify this strategic focus, we reformulate BEP minimization into a distance-based optimization problem. We propose a unified, low-complexity Maximize Received Probability (MRP) algorithm, encompassing the Maximize Hitting Probability (MHP) and Maximize Sensing Probability (MSP) methods, to dynamically enhance desired signals and suppress inter-symbol interference. Numerical results validate the accuracy of the proposed modeling approach and demonstrate near-optimal detection performance.

翻译：动态电场下的场辅助分子通信解析建模面临根本性挑战，由于随机输运与复杂边界几何之间的耦合，传统偏微分方程方法难以处理。本文提出一种有效的随机建模方法应对此挑战。通过利用轨迹重加权技术，我们推导出全吸收型与被动型球面接收器在解析上可处理的信道冲激响应表达式，其中后者作为精确理论基准验证了建模精度。基于这些模型，我们建立了面向系统优化的动态波形设计框架。在最大后验决策反馈均衡器框架下，研究表明首时隙接收概率是误比特概率的主要决定因素，而符号间干扰表现为高阶修正项。利用全吸收型架构的单调响应特性，并结合被动模型的局限性以论证此战略聚焦的合理性，我们将误比特率最小化问题重构为基于距离的优化问题。我们提出统一低复杂度的最大化接收概率（MRP）算法（包含最大化击中概率（MHP）与最大化感知概率（MSP）方法），以动态增强期望信号并抑制符号间干扰。数值结果验证了所提建模方法的准确性，并展示了接近最优的检测性能。