Visual impairments create barriers to learning physical activities, since conventional training methods rely on visual demonstrations or often inadequate verbal descriptions. This research explores 3D-printed human body models to enhance movement comprehension for blind individuals. Through a participatory design approach in collaboration with a blind designer, we developed detailed 3D models representing various body movements and incorporated tactile reference elements to enhance spatial understanding. We conducted two user studies with 10 blind participants across different activities: static yoga poses and sequential calisthenic movements. The results demonstrated that 3D models significantly improved understanding speed, reduced questions for clarification, and enhanced movement accuracy compared to conventional teaching methods. Participants consistently rated 3D models higher for ease of understanding, effectiveness, and motivation.

翻译：视觉障碍为学习体育活动设置了障碍，因为传统的训练方法依赖视觉演示或通常不够充分的口头描述。本研究探索利用3D打印人体模型来增强盲人对动作的理解。通过与盲人设计师合作，采用参与式设计方法，我们开发了代表不同身体动作的精细三维模型，并融入触觉参考元素以增强空间理解。我们针对静态瑜伽姿势和连续健美操动作两种活动，对10名盲人参与者进行了两项用户研究。结果表明，与传统教学方法相比，三维模型显著提高了理解速度、减少了澄清疑问，并提升了动作准确性。参与者一致认为三维模型在易于理解性、有效性和激励性方面评价更高。