Automatic camera-assisted monitoring of insects for abundance estimations is crucial to understand and counteract ongoing insect decline. In this paper, we present two datasets of nocturnal insects, especially moths as a subset of Lepidoptera, photographed in Central Europe. One of the datasets, the EU-Moths dataset, was captured manually by citizen scientists and contains species annotations for 200 different species and bounding box annotations for those. We used this dataset to develop and evaluate a two-stage pipeline for insect detection and moth species classification in previous work. We further introduce a prototype for an automated visual monitoring system. This prototype produced the second dataset consisting of more than 27,000 images captured on 95 nights. For evaluation and bootstrapping purposes, we annotated a subset of the images with bounding boxes enframing nocturnal insects. Finally, we present first detection and classification baselines for these datasets and encourage other scientists to use this publicly available data.

翻译：自动相机辅助监测昆虫数量对于理解和应对持续的昆虫数量下降至关重要。本文提出了两个在中欧地区拍摄的夜间昆虫数据集，特别是作为鳞翅目子集的蛾类。其中，EU-Moths数据集由公民科学家手动采集，包含200个不同物种的物种标注及其边界框标注。我们在先前工作中利用该数据集开发并评估了用于昆虫检测和蛾类物种分类的两阶段流程。此外，我们介绍了一种自动化视觉监测系统的原型。该原型生成了第二个数据集，包含在95个夜晚拍摄的超过27,000张图像。为评估和自举目的，我们对其中部分图像进行了夜间昆虫边界框标注。最后，我们展示了这些数据集的初步检测和分类基准，并鼓励其他科学家使用这些公开数据。