A novel monolithic approach for simulating vessels in waves with granular cargo is presented using a Finite Volume framework. This model integrates a three-phase Volume of Fluid method to represent air, water, and cargo, coupled with a granular material model. The approach incorporates vessel dynamics by assuming rigid-body motion for the vessel's empty hull. A three degrees of freedom rigid-body motion solver is applied for a 3D case study. The model also includes inviscid far-field boundary conditions facilitating the generation of linear waves approaching the vessel and applies a rigid-perfectly plastic material model for the granular phase. The model's efficacy is demonstrated through a validation of the three-phase Volume of the Fluid method, a verification of the granular material model, and finally, a reconstruction of the "Jian Fu Star" incident in a fully 3D simulation. This integrated approach is a feasibility study for investigating bulk carrier accidents, offering a powerful tool for maritime safety analysis and design optimization.

翻译：本文提出了一种新颖的整体方法，用于在有限体积框架下模拟载有颗粒货物的船舶在波浪中的运动。该模型集成了用于表征空气、水和货物的三相流体体积法，并与颗粒材料模型相耦合。该方法通过假设船舶空船体为刚体运动来纳入船舶动力学。针对一个三维案例研究，应用了三自由度刚体运动求解器。该模型还包含了无粘性远场边界条件，以促进生成接近船舶的线性波浪，并对颗粒相应用了刚性-理想塑性材料模型。通过验证三相流体体积法、校核颗粒材料模型，并最终在完全三维模拟中重建"建富星"号事故，证明了该模型的有效性。这种集成方法是研究散货船事故的可行性研究，为海事安全分析和设计优化提供了一个强有力的工具。