The emergence of agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) is set to trigger a "Cambrian explosion" of new kinds of personhood. This paper proposes a pragmatic framework for navigating this diversification by treating personhood not as a metaphysical property to be discovered, but as a flexible bundle of obligations (rights and responsibilities) that societies confer upon entities for a variety of reasons, especially to solve concrete governance problems. We argue that this traditional bundle can be unbundled, creating bespoke solutions for different contexts. This will allow for the creation of practical tools -- such as facilitating AI contracting by creating a target "individual" that can be sanctioned -- without needing to resolve intractable debates about an AI's consciousness or rationality. We explore how individuals fit in to social roles and discuss the use of decentralized digital identity technology, examining both "personhood as a problem", where design choices can create "dark patterns" that exploit human social heuristics, and "personhood as a solution", where conferring a bundle of obligations is necessary to ensure accountability or prevent conflict. By rejecting foundationalist quests for a single, essential definition of personhood, this paper offers a more pragmatic and flexible way to think about integrating AI agents into our society.

翻译：能动性人工智能（AI）的出现将引发新型人格的“寒武纪大爆发”。本文提出一种实用主义框架以应对这种多样化趋势，主张人格不应被视为待发现的形而上学属性，而应理解为社会基于多种原因（尤其是为解决具体治理问题）赋予实体的、由义务（权利与责任）构成的灵活集合。我们认为这一传统集合可被解构，从而为不同情境定制解决方案。这将促成实用工具的创建——例如通过设立可被追责的目标“个体”以促进AI契约签订——而无需解决关于AI意识或理性的无休止争论。我们探讨个体如何融入社会角色，并分析去中心化数字身份技术的应用，既审视“人格作为问题”（设计选择可能催生利用人类社会启发式的“暗黑模式”），也考察“人格作为解决方案”（赋予义务集合对于确保问责或预防冲突的必要性）。通过摒弃对人格单一本质定义的基础主义追求，本文为将AI智能体融入社会提供了一条更具实用性与灵活性的思考路径。