Millimeter wave (mmWave) technology in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication offers unprecedented data rates and low latency, but faces significant reliability challenges due to signal blockages and limited range. This paper introduces a novel system for managing dynamic multi-hop mmWave V2X communications in complex blocking environments. We present a system architecture that integrates a mobility digital twin (DT) with the multi-hop routing control plane, providing a comprehensive, real-time view of the network and its surrounding traffic environment. This integration enables the control plane to make informed routing decisions based on rich contextual data about vehicles, infrastructure, and potential signal blockages. Leveraging this DT-enhanced architecture, we propose an advanced routing algorithm that combines high-precision environmental data with trajectory prediction to achieve blockage-aware mmWave multi-hop V2X routing. Our algorithm anticipates network topology changes and adapts topology dynamically to maintain reliable connections. We evaluate our approach through proof-of-concept simulations using a mobility DT of the Nishishinjuku area. Results demonstrate that our DT-enabled routing strategy significantly outperforms conventional methods in maintaining reliable mmWave V2X connections across various traffic scenarios, including fully connected and mixed traffic environments.

翻译：车联网通信中的毫米波技术虽能提供前所未有的数据速率和低时延，但由于信号阻塞和有限覆盖范围，其可靠性面临重大挑战。本文提出了一种在复杂阻塞环境中管理动态多跳毫米波车联网通信的新型系统。我们提出了一种将移动数字孪生与多跳路由控制平面相集成的系统架构，为网络及其周边交通环境提供全面、实时的视图。这种集成使控制平面能够基于车辆、基础设施及潜在信号阻塞的丰富上下文数据做出明智的路由决策。利用这种数字孪生增强架构，我们提出了一种先进的路由算法，该算法将高精度环境数据与轨迹预测相结合，以实现可感知阻塞的毫米波多跳车联网路由。我们的算法能预测网络拓扑变化并动态调整拓扑以维持可靠连接。我们通过使用西新宿地区的移动数字孪生进行概念验证仿真来评估所提方法。结果表明，在各种交通场景（包括全连接和混合交通环境）中，我们基于数字孪生的路由策略在维持可靠毫米波车联网连接方面显著优于传统方法。