The cluster mass test has been widely used for massively univariate tests in M/EEG, fMRI and, recently, pupillometry analysis. It is a powerful method for detecting effects while controlling weakly the family-wise error rate (FWER), although its correct interpretation can only be performed at the cluster level without any point-wise conclusion. It implies that the discoveries of a cluster mass test cannot be precisely localized in time or in space. We propose a new multiple comparison procedure, the cluster depth tests, that both controls the FWER while allowing an interpretation at the time point level. The simulation study shows that the cluster depth tests achieve large power and guarantee the FWER even in the presence of physiologically plausible effects. By having an interpretation at the time point/voxel level, the cluster depth tests make it possible to take full advantage of the high temporal resolution of EEG recording to precisely time the appearance of an effect.

翻译：在M/EEG、FMRI和最近的学生测量分析中,集束质量测试被广泛用于大规模单独测试,这是在微弱控制家庭误差率(FWER)的同时检测效应的有力方法,尽管其正确解释只能在集束一级进行,而没有任何点性结论。这意味着集束质量测试发现在时间或空间上无法准确定位。我们建议采用新的多重比较程序,即集束深度测试,既控制着FWER,又允许在时间点一级进行解释。模拟研究表明,集束深度测试既能产生很大的力量,也保证FWER,即使在生理上具有合理效果的情况下也是如此。通过在时点/voxel一级进行解释,集深度测试使得有可能充分利用EG的高时间分辨率记录效果的出现时间。