The use of Wake-Up Radio (WUR) in Internet of Things (IoT) networks can significantly improve their energy efficiency: battery-powered sensors can remain in a low-power (sleep) mode while listening for wake-up messages using their WUR and reactivate only when polled. However, polling-based WUR may still lead to wasted energy if values sensed by the polled sensors provide no new information to the receiver, or in general have a low Value of Information (VoI). In this paper, we design a content-based WUR that tracks the process observed by the sensors and only wakes up the sensor if its estimated update's VoI is higher than a threshold communicated through the poll. If the sensor does not reply to the polling request, the Gateway (GW) can make a Bayesian update, knowing that either the sensor value substantially confirms its current estimate or the transmission failed due to the wireless channel. We analyze the trade-off between the tracking error and the battery lifetime of the sensors, showing that content-based WUR can provide fine-grained control of this trade-off and significantly increase the battery lifetime of the node with a minimal Mean Squared Error (MSE) increase.

翻译：在物联网（IoT）网络中采用唤醒无线电（WUR）可显著提升其能效：电池供电的传感器可在使用WUR监听唤醒消息时保持低功耗（睡眠）模式，仅在收到轮询时重新激活。然而，若被轮询传感器感知的值未向接收器提供新信息，或总体信息价值（VoI）较低，基于轮询的WUR仍可能导致能量浪费。本文设计了一种基于内容的WUR，该技术可追踪传感器观测到的过程，仅当估计更新的VoI高于通过轮询传输的阈值时才唤醒传感器。若传感器未响应轮询请求，网关（GW）可进行贝叶斯更新，从而获知要么传感器数值基本确认其当前估计，要么因无线信道导致传输失败。我们分析了追踪误差与传感器电池寿命之间的权衡关系，结果表明基于内容的WUR能够对该权衡进行细粒度调控，在均方误差（MSE）增幅最小的前提下显著延长节点的电池寿命。