This paper proposes a fully automated method for recovering the location of a source and medium parameters in shallow waters. The scenario involves an unknown source emitting low-frequency sound waves in a shallow water environment, and a single hydrophone recording the signal. Firstly, theoretical tools are introduced to understand the robustness of the warping method and to propose and analyze an automated way to separate the modal components of the recorded signal. Secondly, using the spectrogram of each modal component, the paper investigates the best way to recover the modal travel times and provides stability estimates. Finally, a penalized minimization algorithm is presented to recover estimates of the source location and medium parameters. The proposed method is tested on experimental data of right whale gunshot and combustive sound sources, demonstrating its effectiveness in real-world scenarios.

翻译：本文提出了一种完全自动化的方法，用于在浅水环境中恢复声源位置及介质参数。该场景涉及未知声源在浅水环境中发射低频声波，并由单个水听器记录信号。首先，引入理论工具以理解翘曲方法的鲁棒性，并提出并分析一种自动化分离记录信号模态分量的方法。其次，利用每个模态分量的频谱图，本文研究了恢复模态传播时间的最佳方法，并给出了稳定性估计。最后，提出了一种带惩罚项的最小化算法，用于恢复声源位置及介质参数的估计。所提方法通过实验数据（涉及右鲸枪声和燃烧声源）进行了验证，证明了其在实际场景中的有效性。