Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine how a clinical interview protocol with failure artifact scenarios can capture changes in high school students' explanations of troubleshooting processes in physical computing activities. We focus on physical computing since finding and fixing hardware and software bugs is a highly contextual practice that involves multiple interconnected domains and skills. Approach: We developed and piloted a "failure artifact scenarios" clinical interview protocol. Youth were presented with buggy physical computing projects over video calls and asked for suggestions on how to fix them without having access to the actual project or its code. We applied this clinical interview protocol before and after an eight-week-long physical computing (more specifically, electronic textiles) unit. We analyzed matching pre- and post-interviews from 18 students at four different schools. Findings: Our findings demonstrate how the protocol can capture change in students' thinking about troubleshooting by eliciting students' explanations of specificity of domain knowledge of problems, multimodality of physical computing, iterative testing of failure artifact scenarios, and concreteness of troubleshooting and problem solving processes. Originality: Beyond tests and surveys used to assess debugging, which traditionally focus on correctness or student beliefs, our "failure artifact scenarios" clinical interview protocol reveals student troubleshooting-related thinking processes when encountering buggy projects. As an assessment tool, it may be useful to evaluate the change and development of students' abilities over time.

翻译：目的：本文旨在探讨如何通过故障制品场景的临床访谈方案，捕捉高中生在物理计算活动中故障排除过程解释的变化。我们聚焦于物理计算领域，因为发现并修复硬件与软件错误是一种高度情境化的实践，涉及多个相互关联的领域与技能。方法：我们开发并试行了"故障制品场景"临床访谈方案。通过视频通话向青少年展示存在缺陷的物理计算项目，要求他们在无法接触实际项目或代码的情况下提出修复建议。我们在为期八周的物理计算（具体而言是电子纺织品）单元教学前后分别实施该临床访谈方案，并分析了来自四所学校18名学生的配对前后测访谈数据。研究发现：该方案通过激发学生对问题领域知识特异性、物理计算多模态特性、故障制品场景迭代测试以及故障排除与问题解决过程具体性的解释，有效捕捉了学生故障排除思维的变化。创新性：相较于传统侧重正确性或学生信念的调试能力测评工具（如测试与问卷调查），本研究的"故障制品场景"临床访谈方案能揭示学生在面对缺陷项目时的故障排除思维过程。作为一种评估工具，该方案可用于追踪学生能力随时间推移的变化与发展。